Head to head

Pick two contenders to compare their scores and their run-off match-up.

If they met in the run-off

Éric Zemmour 10.2% 89.8% Marine Le Pen

Model projection based on the latest first-round polls and on vote transfers calibrated on run-off polls. See the method.

Theme	Éric Zemmour	Marine Le Pen
Pensions	Legal retirement age of 64 (2022 programme).	Repeal the 2023 reform and return to 62, with retirement possible at 60 for those who started work before 20.
Work and purchasing power	No specific proposal known.	Cut VAT on energy from 20 to 5.5% and exempt pay rises granted by companies from social contributions.
Taxes and spending	Cut production taxes and reject any wealth tax (2022 programme).	Replace the tax on real-estate wealth with a tax on financial wealth.
Immigration	“Zero immigration” and “remigration”: an end to birthright citizenship and family reunification, very limited asylum, expulsion of foreign offenders and jobless foreigners.	A referendum on immigration, an end to birthright citizenship and family reunification, and national preference for jobs, housing and benefits.
Europe and defence	Leave NATO's integrated command (2022 programme).	A “Europe of nations”; leave NATO's integrated command while staying in the Alliance; limited support for Ukraine.
Energy and climate	Relaunch nuclear power and stop wind power (2022 programme).	A massive relaunch of nuclear power; a moratorium on wind and solar, and gradual dismantling of wind turbines.
Institutions and security	Criminal majority at 16 and mandatory minimum sentences.	Proportional representation for legislative elections and a citizens' initiative referendum from 500,000 signatures.

Éric ZemmourMarine Le Pen